Greek Symbols
Greek symbols to copy and paste: all 24 letters in capital and small form, from alpha α to omega ω, plus variant forms such as ϕ and ϑ. Tap a letter to copy it, or tap the whole alphabet. The table adds each name, an English pronunciation, the code and a common use.
Whole alphabet in one tap
Greek capital letters
Greek small letters
Variant forms
Copy a Greek letter in three steps
- Tap a capital or small letter in the grid, or tap the whole alphabet line to copy all 24 letters at once.
- Type a name such as pi, sigma or omega in the filter to jump to a letter.
- Paste it into your equation, document or message. If a letter appears as a box, try another font such as Times New Roman or Arial.
All 24 Greek letters with names and uses
The pronunciation column gives common English respellings. Greek speakers say some letters differently. The HTML column shows the named entities that exist for each pair.
| Letters | Name | Say it | Code (capital / small) | HTML | Common use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Α α | Alpha | AL-fuh | U+0391 / U+03B1 | α Α |
Alpha particles, the first in a series |
| Β β | Beta | BAY-tuh | U+0392 / U+03B2 | β Β |
Beta particles, a second item |
| Γ γ | Gamma | GAM-uh | U+0393 / U+03B3 | γ Γ |
Gamma rays; Euler–Mascheroni constant γ |
| Δ δ | Delta | DEL-tuh | U+0394 / U+03B4 | δ Δ |
A change in a quantity (Δx) |
| Ε ε | Epsilon | EP-sih-lon | U+0395 / U+03B5 | ε Ε |
A tiny positive amount in calculus |
| Ζ ζ | Zeta | ZAY-tuh | U+0396 / U+03B6 | ζ Ζ |
Riemann zeta function |
| Η η | Eta | AY-tuh | U+0397 / U+03B7 | η Η |
Efficiency |
| Θ θ | Theta | THAY-tuh | U+0398 / U+03B8 | θ Θ |
An angle |
| Ι ι | Iota | eye-OH-tuh | U+0399 / U+03B9 | ι Ι |
A tiny amount (not a word: “not one iota”) |
| Κ κ | Kappa | KAP-uh | U+039A / U+03BA | κ Κ |
Spring constant, curvature |
| Λ λ | Lambda | LAM-duh | U+039B / U+03BB | λ Λ |
Wavelength |
| Μ μ | Mu | MYOO | U+039C / U+03BC | μ Μ |
Micro prefix (µm), a mean |
| Ν ν | Nu | NOO | U+039D / U+03BD | ν Ν |
Frequency |
| Ξ ξ | Xi | ZY or KSEE | U+039E / U+03BE | ξ Ξ |
Often a variable |
| Ο ο | Omicron | OM-ih-kron | U+039F / U+03BF | ο Ο |
Rarely used; looks like o |
| Π π | Pi | PY | U+03A0 / U+03C0 | π Π |
Circle ratio, about 3.14159 |
| Ρ ρ | Rho | ROH | U+03A1 / U+03C1 | ρ Ρ |
Density |
| Σ σ | Sigma | SIG-muh | U+03A3 / U+03C3 | σ Σ |
Sum (Σ); standard deviation (σ) |
| Τ τ | Tau | TOW | U+03A4 / U+03C4 | τ Τ |
Torque, time constant |
| Υ υ | Upsilon | UP-sih-lon | U+03A5 / U+03C5 | υ Υ |
Rarely used as a symbol |
| Φ φ | Phi | FY or FEE | U+03A6 / U+03C6 | φ Φ |
Golden ratio, about 1.618 |
| Χ χ | Chi | KY | U+03A7 / U+03C7 | χ Χ |
The chi-square test |
| Ψ ψ | Psi | SY or PSEE | U+03A8 / U+03C8 | ψ Ψ |
Wave function in quantum physics |
| Ω ω | Omega | oh-MAY-guh | U+03A9 / U+03C9 | ω Ω |
Ohm (Ω), angular frequency (ω) |
The micro sign and the letter mu
The prefix micro, as in micrometre, is written with the Greek letter mu or with the micro sign. The micro sign µ is U+00B5, in the Latin-1 block, and the letter μ is U+03BC. They look the same in most fonts. Search and sorting treat them as different, so use the one your style guide asks for. The µ entity gives the micro sign µ, and μ gives μ.
Variant forms and the final sigma
A few letters have a second form. The small sigma ς is used at the end of a Greek word. Phi appears as φ in one style and as ϕ in another, and theta has the variant ϑ. In math the two forms of phi are often used for different things, so copy the one your source uses.
Typing Greek letters
- Word equation: type \alpha and a space to get α.
- LaTeX: \alpha, \beta, \Gamma, \Delta and so on.
- Word hex code: type 03C0 and press Alt+X for π.
- Mac: Option+P gives π, and Option+W gives ∑, a sum sign that is not the capital sigma.
Small superscript and subscript forms of some letters, such as ᵝ ᵞ ᵟ and ᵦ ᵧ, are covered on the superscript and subscript page, and more signs are on symbols.
Device check
The letters are copied exactly as shown, with the code in the tables. We have not yet tested them on specific phones or systems. If one appears as a box, email [email protected] with the character, device and system version.
Frequently asked questions
How do I type a Greek letter in Word?
Open an equation with Alt+= and type a backslash and the name, such as \alpha, followed by a space, and Word turns it into α. You can also type the hex code, such as 03B1, and press Alt+X.
What is the difference between µ and μ?
They look the same but are different characters. µ is the micro sign, U+00B5, and μ is the Greek small letter mu, U+03BC. Both are used for micro, as in µm for micrometre.
Why are there two small sigmas?
σ is used inside a word and ς only at the end of a word. Math uses σ. The page lists ς among the variant forms.
Which Greek letters are used in math and science?
Many. π is the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter, Σ is a sum, Δ is a change, θ is an angle, λ is wavelength, μ is micro, Ω is the ohm and σ is standard deviation.
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